Objectives of Programme's Learning Outcomes

• Understand, describe, analyse and prioritise biological phenomena
• Understand basic scientific knowledge and be able to use it
• Understand the chronology of a phenomenon and master the time scales and their representations
• Control the molecular, morphological and functional approaches of normal and pathological conditions
• Understand the learning of physiological and pharmacological reasoning
• Understand experimental protocols in the biomedical domain
• Integrate concepts from different approaches/disciplines in a complex biomedical problem
• Explain how molecular, morphological and functional modifications constitute pathological states and vice versa
• Develop reasoning skills
• Understand and apply the basic principles of reasoning (obtaining data, analysis, synthesis, comparison, the rule of three, syllogism, analogy, Boolean logic, etc.)
• Work with efficiency / accuracy / precision
• Develop critical thinking, test and monitor conclusions understanding the domain of validity, and explore alternative hypotheses
• Demonstrate developed interpersonal skills
• Use a rich vocabulary linking concepts and words accurately
• Adapt lexical and syntactic choices in communication register (everyday language, medical language or scientific terminology)
• Work in a team
• Submit reviews, reports and give oral presentations
• Manage resources
• Manage time
• Prioritise
• Use basic IT and bibliographic resources.
• Manage their studies
• Locate scientific information efficiently
• Compare different sources of information
• Read, interpret, and critique a scientific article
• Self-assess and give feedback
• Be open to research and demonstrate scientific curiosity
• Show a good knowledge of scientific English
• Understand and summarise a scientific article in English

Learning Outcomes of UE

The course is designed to provide an understanding of methods and models used to study biological processes in organisms. This type of research is essential for the development of new treatments and therapies in medicine.

The objectives of the course are: 

- To understand the fundamental principles of in vivo experimental models.
- Acquire practical skills in designing and carrying out in vivo experiments.
- Evaluate the advantages and limitations of different animal models.
- Learn about the ethical and regulatory aspects of using animals in research.
- Choose the appropriate experimental model for the pathology being studied.

UE Content: description and pedagogical relevance

Introduction
- Definition and importance of in vivo models in biomedical research.
- Comparison between in vitro and in vivo models.
- Examples of commonly used animal models (mice, rats, zebrafish, etc.).

Choice of animal model
- Criteria for selecting an animal model according to the objective of the study.
- Advantages and disadvantages of different models.
- Concepts of internal and external validity.

Ethical and regulatory aspects
- Ethical standards for the use of animals in research.
- Procedures for obtaining ethical approval for research projects.
- Local and international regulations concerning animal experimentation.

Case studies and practical applications
- Presentation of exemplary case studies using in vivo models (dissections)
- Discussions on practical applications of in vivo models in biomedical research.

Prior Experience

The "carnet de suivi 1" must be finalised and successfull to take part in the practical work.