Objectives of Programme's Learning Outcomes

• Understand, describe, analyse and prioritise biological phenomena
• Understand basic scientific knowledge and be able to use it
• Problem-solve
• Understand the expression of biological realities in absolute or relative terms, the orders of magnitude, proportions and probability
• Abstract, understand and apply mathematical translations of the main laws and biological phenomena
• Understand and use different graphical representations of numerical values and their relationships
• Perceive spatial distribution, and understand two- and three-dimensional representations and interconvert them
• Understand the chronology of a phenomenon and master the time scales and their representations
• Control the molecular, morphological and functional approaches of normal and pathological conditions
• Understand the learning of physiological and pharmacological reasoning
• Understand experimental protocols in the biomedical domain
• Integrate concepts from different approaches/disciplines in a complex biomedical problem
• Explain how molecular, morphological and functional modifications constitute pathological states and vice versa
• Develop reasoning skills
• Understand and apply the basic principles of reasoning (obtaining data, analysis, synthesis, comparison, the rule of three, syllogism, analogy, Boolean logic, etc.)
• Understand the statistical and/or epidemiological methods
• Work with efficiency / accuracy / precision
• Demonstrate developed interpersonal skills
• Use a rich vocabulary linking concepts and words accurately
• Adapt lexical and syntactic choices in communication register (everyday language, medical language or scientific terminology)
• Summarise, explain, and argue
• Share knowledge and information
• Submit reviews, reports and give oral presentations
• Manage resources
• Manage time
• Prioritise
• Use basic IT and bibliographic resources.
• Manage their studies
• Locate scientific information efficiently
• Compare different sources of information
• Read, interpret, and critique a scientific article
• Be open to research and demonstrate scientific curiosity
• Show a good knowledge of scientific English
• Understand and summarise a scientific article in English

Learning Outcomes of UE

At the end of this course, the students will be able to :

- describe the different phases of the biotransformation of toxicants
- explain the bioactivation process and its role in toxicology
- define and explain the major toxicological concepts (target organ, dose, mode of action, ...)
- descrobe the conventional procedures of risk assessment
- describe the main mechansims of toxicity of chemicals ( for example oxuidative stress, disruption of calcium homeostasis, alteration in cell proliferation during tissue repair)
- differenciate and explain the mechanisms of necrosis and apoptosis
- explain the importance of covalent binding of chemicals to macromolecules
- describe the mechanisms of immunotoxicity and enzymes inactivation
- Understand the role of nuclear receptors and signalling pathways in toxic mechanisms

UE Content: description and pedagogical relevance

1. Concepts in ADME (Administration, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination)

2. Biotransformation and bioactivation of chemicals

3. Modulators of toxic effetcs

4. Conventional procedures of risk assessment

5. Major toxic mechanisms (oxidative stress, disruption of calcium homeostasis, necrosis and apoptosis, cell proliferaiton, covanlent binding to macromolecules, immunotoxicity, enzymes inactivation, interaction with ionic transporters)

Prior Experience

Fundamentals in biology and chemistry